Organic light-emitting device

ABSTRACT

An organic light-emitting device includes: a first electrode; a second electrode facing the first electrode; and an organic layer between the first electrode and the second electrode and including an emission layer and a triplet exciton quenching layer. A display apparatus includes a thin film transistor comprising a source electrode, a drain electrode, and an active layer; and the organic light-emitting device, where the first electrode of the organic light-emitting device is electrically coupled to one selected from the source electrode and the drain electrode of the thin film transistor.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

This application claims priority to and the benefit of Korean PatentApplication No. 10-2017-0174430, filed on Dec. 18, 2017, in the KoreanIntellectual Property Office, the entire content of which isincorporated herein by reference.

BACKGROUND 1. Field

One or more embodiments relate to an organic light-emitting device and adisplay apparatus including the same.

2. Description of the Related Art

Organic light-emitting devices are self-emission devices that producefull-color images, and also have wide viewing angles, high contrastratios, short response times, and excellent characteristics in terms ofbrightness, driving voltage, and response speed, compared to devices inthe art.

An example of such organic light-emitting devices may include a firstelectrode disposed on a substrate, and a hole transport region, anemission layer, an electron transport region, and a second electrode,which are sequentially disposed on the first electrode. Holes providedfrom the first electrode may move toward the emission layer through thehole transport region, and electrons provided from the second electrodemay move toward the emission layer through the electron transportregion. Carriers, such as holes and electrons, recombine in the emissionlayer to produce excitons. These excitons transit (e.g., relax) from anexcited state to a ground state, thereby generating light.

SUMMARY

Aspects of embodiments of the present disclosure provide an organiclight-emitting device including a triplet exciton quenching layer.

Additional aspects of embodiments will be set forth in part in thedescription which follows and, in part, will be apparent from thedescription, or may be learned by practice of the presented embodiments.

An aspect of an embodiment provides an organic light-emitting deviceincluding:

a first electrode;

a second electrode facing the first electrode; and

an organic layer between the first electrode and the second electrodeand including an emission layer and a triplet exciton quenching layer.

Another aspect of an embodiment provides a display apparatus including:

a thin film transistor including a source electrode, a drain electrode,and an active layer; and

the organic light-emitting device described above,

wherein the first electrode of the organic light-emitting device iselectrically coupled to (e.g., electrically connected to) one selectedfrom the source electrode and the drain electrode of the thin filmtransistor.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

These and/or other aspects of embodiments will become apparent and morereadily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments,taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an organic light-emitting device accordingto an embodiment;

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating relative energy levels of a host and adopant in an emission layer of an organic light-emitting device,according to an embodiment;

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating relative energy levels of a host and adopant in an emission layer of an organic light-emitting device,according to another embodiment;

FIG. 4 is a graph showing results obtained by measuring the lifespan oforganic light-emitting devices manufactured according to Examples 1 and2 and Comparative Example 1; and

FIG. 5 is a graph showing results obtained by measuring delayed tripletexciton components of organic light-emitting devices manufacturedaccording to Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Example 1 by usingtransient electroluminescence (EL).

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The subject matter of the present disclosure will now be described morefully with reference to exemplary embodiments. The disclosure may,however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construedas being limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, theseembodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough andcomplete, and will fully convey the concept of the disclosure to thoseskilled in the art. Features, and how to achieve them, of the presentdisclosure will become apparent by reference to the embodiments thatwill be described herein below in more detail, together with theaccompanying drawings. The subject matter of the present disclosure may,however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be limitedto the exemplary embodiments.

Hereinafter, embodiments are described in more detail by referring tothe attached drawings, and in the drawings, like reference numeralsdenote like elements, and a redundant explanation thereof is notnecessary.

As used herein, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” are intended toinclude the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicatesotherwise.

It will be further understood that the terms “comprises” and/or“comprising” used herein specify the presence of stated features orcomponents, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or moreother features or components.

It will be understood that when a layer, region, or component isreferred to as being “on” or “onto” another layer, region, or component,it may be directly or indirectly formed on the other layer, region, orcomponent. For example, intervening layers, regions, or components maybe present.

Sizes of components in the drawings may be exaggerated for convenienceof explanation. In other words, since sizes and thicknesses ofcomponents in the drawings may be arbitrarily illustrated forconvenience of explanation, the following embodiments of the presentdisclosure are not limited thereto.

According to an embodiment, an organic light-emitting device includes:

a first electrode;

a second electrode facing the first electrode; and

an organic layer between the first electrode and the second electrodeand including an emission layer and a triplet exciton quenching layer.

The term “organic layer,” as used herein, refers to a single layerand/or a plurality of layers disposed between the first electrode andthe second electrode of the organic light-emitting device. A materialincluded in the “organic layer” is not limited to an organic material.

As used herein, the term “triplet exciton quenching layer” may refer toa layer that quenches triplet excitons formed in the emission layer.

Since the triplet exciton quenching layer exists as a layer separatefrom the emission layer, a region in which an exciton is recombined(hereinafter, referred to as an “exciton recombination region”) may beseparated from a region in which triplet exciton is quenched. Therefore,when the organic light-emitting device includes the triplet excitonquenching layer, the lifespan of the organic light-emitting device mayincrease while the efficiency thereof is not reduced (or substantiallynot reduced).

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an organic light-emitting device 10according to an embodiment. The organic light-emitting device 10includes a first electrode 110, an organic layer 150, and a secondelectrode 190.

Hereinafter, the structure of the organic light-emitting device 10according to an embodiment and a method of manufacturing the organiclight-emitting device 10 will be described in connection with FIG. 1.

[First Electrode 110]

In FIG. 1, a substrate may be additionally disposed under the firstelectrode 110 or above the second electrode 190. The substrate may be aglass substrate or a plastic substrate, each having excellent mechanicalstrength, thermal stability, transparency, surface smoothness, ease ofhandling, and water resistance.

The first electrode 110 may be formed by depositing or sputtering amaterial for forming the first electrode 110 on the substrate. When thefirst electrode 110 is an anode, the material for a first electrode maybe selected from materials with a high work function to facilitate holeinjection.

The first electrode 110 may be a reflective electrode, asemi-transmissive electrode, or a transmissive electrode. When the firstelectrode 110 is a transmissive electrode, a material for forming afirst electrode may be selected from indium tin oxide (ITO), indium zincoxide (IZO), tin oxide (SnO₂), zinc oxide (ZnO), and any combinationsthereof, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limitedthereto. In one or more embodiments, when the first electrode 110 is asemi-transmissive electrode or a reflectable electrode, a material forforming a first electrode may be selected from magnesium (Mg), silver(Ag), aluminum (Al), aluminum-lithium (Al—Li), calcium (Ca),magnesium-indium (Mg—In), magnesium-silver (Mg—Ag), and any combinationsthereof, but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limitedthereto.

The first electrode 110 may have a single-layered structure, or amulti-layered structure including two or more layers. For example, thefirst electrode 110 may have a three-layered structure of ITO/Ag/ITO,but the structure of the first electrode 110 is not limited thereto.

Organic Layer 150

The organic layer 150 is disposed on the first electrode 110. Theorganic layer 150 may include an emission layer and a triplet excitonquenching layer.

The organic layer 150 may further include a hole transport regionbetween the first electrode 110 and the emission layer and an electrontransport region between the emission layer and the second electrode190.

The triplet exciton quenching layer may be disposed between the emissionlayer and the hole transport region, or may be disposed between theemission layer and the electron transport region.

In one embodiment, (i) the exciton recombination region in the emissionlayer may be disposed at an interface between the emission layer and theelectron transport region, and the triplet exciton quenching layer maybe disposed between the emission layer and the hole transport region; or

(ii) the exciton recombination region in the emission layer may bedisposed at an interface between the emission layer and the holetransport region, and the triplet exciton quenching layer may bedisposed between the emission layer and the electron transport region.

As such, since the exciton recombination region in the emission layer isformed close to the electron transport region or the hole transportregion, and the triplet exciton quenching layer is disposed on a side ofthe emission layer opposite to the side in which the excitonrecombination region in the emission layer is formed, the tripletexciton quenching layer may quench not singlet excitons, but insteadoptionally quenches triplet excitons. Therefore, it is possible to moreeffectively prevent or lessen a reduction in the efficiency of theorganic light-emitting device.

Hole Transport Region in Organic Layer 150

The hole transport region may have i) a single-layered structureincluding a single layer including a single material, ii) asingle-layered structure including a single layer including a pluralityof different materials, or iii) a multi-layered structure having aplurality of layers including a plurality of different materials.

The hole transport region may include at least one layer selected from ahole injection layer, a hole transport layer, an emission auxiliarylayer, and an electron blocking layer.

For example, the hole transport region may have a single-layeredstructure including a single layer including a plurality of differentmaterials, or a multi-layered structure having a hole injectionlayer/hole transport layer structure, a hole injection layer/holetransport layer/emission auxiliary layer structure, a hole injectionlayer/emission auxiliary layer structure, a hole transportlayer/emission auxiliary layer structure, or a hole injection layer/holetransport layer/electron blocking layer structure, wherein for eachstructure, constituting layers are sequentially stacked from the firstelectrode 110 in this stated order, but the structure of the holetransport region is not limited thereto.

The hole transport region may include at least one selected fromm-MTDATA, TDATA, 2-TNATA, NPB(NPD), β-NPB, TPD, Spiro-TPD, Spiro-NPB,methylated-NPB, TAPC, HMTPD, 4,4′,4″-tris(N-carbazolyl)triphenylamine(TCTA), polyaniline/dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid (PANI/DBSA),poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)/poly(4-styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT/PSS),polyaniline/camphor sulfonic acid (PANI/CSA),polyaniline/poly(4-styrenesulfonate) (PANI/PSS), a compound representedby Formula 201, and a compound represented by Formula 202:

In Formulae 201 and 202,

L₂₀₁ to L₂₀₄ may each independently be selected from a substituted orunsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkylene group, a substituted or unsubstitutedC₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀arylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroarylenegroup, a substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensedpolycyclic group, and a substituted or unsubstituted divalentnon-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group,

L₂₀₅ may be selected from *—O—*′, *—S—*′, *—N(Q₂₀₁)-*′, a substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₂₀ alkylene group, a substituted or unsubstitutedC₂-C₂₀ alkenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀arylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroarylenegroup, a substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensedpolycyclic group, and a substituted or unsubstituted divalentnon-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group,

xa1 to xa4 may each independently be an integer from 0 to 3,

xa5 may be an integer from 1 to 10, and

R₂₀₁ to R₂₀₄ and Q₂₀₁ may each independently be selected from asubstituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstitutedC₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a substituted or unsubstitutedmonovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, and a substituted orunsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group.

In one embodiment, in Formula 202, R₂₀₁ and R₂₀₂ may optionally belinked via a single bond, a dimethyl-methylene group, or adiphenyl-methylene group, and R₂₀₃ and R₂₀₄ may optionally be linked viaa single bond, a dimethyl-methylene group, or a diphenyl-methylenegroup.

In one or more embodiments, in Formulae 201 and 202,

L₂₀₁ to L₂₀₅ may each independently be selected from:

a phenylene group, a pentalenylene group, an indenylene group, anaphthylene group, an azulenylene group, a heptalenylene group, anindacenylene group, an acenaphthylene group, a fluorenylene group, aspiro-bifluorenylene group, a benzofluorenylene group, adibenzofluorenylene group, a phenalenylene group, a phenanthrenylenegroup, an anthracenylene group, a fluoranthenylene group, atriphenylenylene group, a pyrenylene group, a chrysenylene group, anaphthacenylene group, a picenylene group, a perylenylene group, apentaphenylene group, a hexacenylene group, a pentacenylene group, arubicenylene group, a coronenylene group, an ovalenylene group, athiophenylene group, a furanylene group, a carbazolylene group, anindolylene group, an isoindolylene group, a benzofuranylene group, abenzothiophenylene group, a dibenzofuranylene group, adibenzothiophenylene group, a benzocarbazolylene group, adibenzocarbazolylene group, a dibenzosilolylene group, and apyridinylene group; and

a phenylene group, a pentalenylene group, an indenylene group, anaphthylene group, an azulenylene group, a heptalenylene group, anindacenylene group, an acenaphthylene group, a fluorenylene group, aspiro-bifluorenylene group, a benzofluorenylene group, adibenzofluorenylene group, a phenalenylene group, a phenanthrenylenegroup, an anthracenylene group, a fluoranthenylene group, atriphenylenylene group, a pyrenylene group, a chrysenylene group, anaphthacenylene group, a picenylene group, a perylenylene group, apentaphenylene group, a hexacenylene group, a pentacenylene group, arubicenylene group, a coronenylene group, an ovalenylene group, athiophenylene group, a furanylene group, a carbazolylene group, anindolylene group, an isoindolylene group, a benzofuranylene group, abenzothiophenylene group, a dibenzofuranylene group, adibenzothiophenylene group, a benzocarbazolylene group, adibenzocarbazolylene group, a dibenzosilolylene group, and apyridinylene group, each substituted with at least one selected fromdeuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C₁-C₂₀alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexylgroup, a cycloheptyl group, a cyclopentenyl group, a cyclohexenyl group,a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a phenyl groupsubstituted with a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group, a phenyl group substituted with—F, a pentalenyl group, an indenyl group, a naphthyl group, an azulenylgroup, a heptalenyl group, an indacenyl group, an acenaphthyl group, afluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, adibenzofluorenyl group, a phenalenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, ananthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, apyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a naphthacenyl group, a picenyl group,a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenylgroup, a rubicenyl group, a coronenyl group, an ovalenyl group, athiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a carbazolyl group, an indolyl group,an isoindolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, adibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolylgroup, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzosilolyl group, a pyridinylgroup, —Si(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂)(Q₃₃) and —N(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂), and

Q₃₁ to Q₃₃ may each independently be selected from a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group,a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenylgroup, and a naphthyl group.

In one or more embodiments, xa1 to xa4 may each independently be 0, 1,or 2.

In one or more embodiments, xa5 may be 1, 2, 3, or 4.

In one or more embodiments, R₂₀₁ to R₂₀₄ and Q₂₀₁ may each independentlybe selected from a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, apentalenyl group, an indenyl group, a naphthyl group, an azulenyl group,a heptalenyl group, an indacenyl group, an acenaphthyl group, afluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, adibenzofluorenyl group, a phenalenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, ananthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, apyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a naphthacenyl group, a picenyl group,a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenylgroup, a rubicenyl group, a coronenyl group, an ovalenyl group, athiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a carbazolyl group, an indolyl group,an isoindolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, adibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolylgroup, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzosilolyl group, and apyridinyl group; and

a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a pentalenyl group,an indenyl group, a naphthyl group, an azulenyl group, a heptalenylgroup, an indacenyl group, an acenaphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, aspiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenylgroup, a phenalenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group,a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, achrysenyl group, a naphthacenyl group, a picenyl group, a perylenylgroup, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenyl group, arubicenyl group, a coronenyl group, an ovalenyl group, a thiophenylgroup, a furanyl group, a carbazolyl group, an indolyl group, anisoindolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, adibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolylgroup, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzosilolyl group, and apyridinyl group, each substituted with at least one selected fromdeuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C₁-C₂₀alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexylgroup, a cycloheptyl group, a cyclopentenyl group, a cyclohexenyl group,a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a phenyl groupsubstituted with a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group, a phenyl group substituted with—F, a pentalenyl group, an indenyl group, a naphthyl group, an azulenylgroup, a heptalenyl group, an indacenyl group, an acenaphthyl group, afluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, adibenzofluorenyl group, a phenalenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, ananthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, apyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a naphthacenyl group, a picenyl group,a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenylgroup, a rubicenyl group, a coronenyl group, an ovalenyl group, athiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a carbazolyl group, an indolyl group,an isoindolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, adibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolylgroup, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzosilolyl group, a pyridinylgroup, —Si(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂)(Q₃₃) and —N(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂), and

Q₃₁ to Q₃₃ may each independently be the same as described above.

In one or more embodiments, in Formula 201, at least one selected fromR₂₀₁ to R₂₀₃ may each independently be selected from:

a fluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a carbazolyl group, adibenzofuranyl group, and a dibenzothiophenyl group; and

a fluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a carbazolyl group, adibenzofuranyl group, and a dibenzothiophenyl group, each substitutedwith at least one selected from deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxylgroup, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazinogroup, a hydrazono group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, acyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a cycloheptyl group, acyclopentenyl group, a cyclohexenyl group, a phenyl group, a biphenylgroup, a terphenyl group, a phenyl group substituted with a C₁-C₁₀ alkylgroup, a phenyl group substituted with —F, a naphthyl group, a fluorenylgroup, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a carbazolyl group, a dibenzofuranylgroup, and a dibenzothiophenyl group,

but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

In one or more embodiments, in Formula 202, i) R₂₀₁ and R₂₀₂ may belinked via a single bond, and/or ii) R₂₀₃ and R₂₀₄ may be linked via asingle bond.

In one or more embodiments, in Formula 202, at least one selected fromR₂₀₁ to R₂₀₄ may be selected from:

a carbazolyl group; and

a carbazolyl group substituted with at least one selected fromdeuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C₁-C₂₀alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexylgroup, a cycloheptyl group, a cyclopentenyl group, a cyclohexenyl group,a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a phenyl groupsubstituted with a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group, a phenyl group substituted with—F, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, acarbazolyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, and a dibenzothiophenyl group,

but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

The compound represented by Formula 201 may be represented by Formula201A:

In one embodiment, the compound represented by Formula 201 may berepresented by Formula 201A(1) below, but embodiments of the presentdisclosure are not limited thereto:

In one embodiment, the compound represented by Formula 201 may berepresented by Formula 201A-1 below, but embodiments of the presentdisclosure are not limited thereto:

In one embodiment, the compound represented by Formula 202 may berepresented by Formula 202A:

In one embodiment, the compound represented by Formula 202 may berepresented by Formula 202A-1:

In Formulae 201A, 201A(1), 201A-1, 202A, and 202A-1,

L₂₀₁ to L₂₀₃, xa1 to xa3, xa5, and R₂₀₂ to R₂₀₄ may each independentlybe the same as described above,

R₂₁₁ and R₂₁₂ may each be the same as described in connection with R₂₀₃,

R₂₁₃ to R₂₁₇ may each independently be selected from hydrogen,deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C₁-C₂₀alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexylgroup, a cycloheptyl group, a cyclopentenyl group, a cyclohexenyl group,a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a phenyl groupsubstituted with a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group, a phenyl group substituted with—F, a pentalenyl group, an indenyl group, a naphthyl group, an azulenylgroup, a heptalenyl group, an indacenyl group, an acenaphthyl group, afluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, adibenzofluorenyl group, a phenalenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, ananthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, apyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a naphthacenyl group, a picenyl group,a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenylgroup, a rubicenyl group, a coronenyl group, an ovalenyl group, athiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a carbazolyl group, an indolyl group,an isoindolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, adibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolylgroup, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzosilolyl group, and apyridinyl group.

The hole transport region may include at least one compound selectedfrom Compounds HT1 to HT39, but embodiments of the present disclosureare not limited thereto:

A thickness of the hole transport region may be in a range of about 100Å to about 10,000 Å, for example, about 100 Å to about 1,000 Å. When thehole transport region includes at least one of a hole injection layerand a hole transport layer, a thickness of the hole injection layer maybe in a range of about 100 Å to about 9,000 Å, for example, about 100 Åto about 1,000 Å, and a thickness of the hole transport layer may be ina range of about 50 Å to about 2,000 Å, for example about 100 Å to about1,500 Å. When the thicknesses of the hole transport region, the holeinjection layer, and the hole transport layer are within these ranges,suitable or satisfactory hole transporting characteristics may beobtained without a substantial increase in driving voltage.

The emission auxiliary layer may increase light-emission efficiency bycompensating for an optical resonance distance according to thewavelength of light emitted by an emission layer, and the electronblocking layer may block the flow of electrons from an electrontransport region. The emission auxiliary layer and the electron blockinglayer may include the materials as described above.

p-dopant

The hole transport region may further include, in addition to thesematerials, a charge-generation material for the improvement ofconductive properties. The charge-generation material may behomogeneously or non-homogeneously dispersed in the hole transportregion.

The charge-generation material may be, for example, a p-dopant.

In one or more embodiments, the p-dopant may have a lowest unoccupiedmolecular orbital (LUMO) energy level of about −3.5 eV or less.

In one or more embodiment, the hole transport region may include anelectron blocking layer, and the electron blocking layer may include ap-dopant having a LUMO energy level of about −3.5 eV or less.

The p-dopant may include at least one selected from a quinonederivative, a metal oxide, and a cyano group-containing compound, butembodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

For example, the p-dopant may include at least one selected from:

a quinone derivative, such as tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ) or2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane (F4-TCNQ);

a metal oxide, such as tungsten oxide or molybdenum oxide;

1,4,5,8,9,11-hexaazatriphenylene-hexacarbonitrile (HAT-CN); and

a compound represented by Formula 221,

but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto:

In Formula 221,

R₂₂₁ to R₂₂₃ may each independently be selected from a substituted orunsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstitutedheterocycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ arylgroup, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensedpolycyclic group, and a substituted or unsubstituted monovalentnon-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, wherein at least oneselected from R₂₂₁ to R₂₂₃ have at least one substituent selected from acyano group, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group substituted with —F,a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group substituted with —Cl, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl groupsubstituted with —Br, and a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group substituted with —I.

[Emission Layer and Triplet Exciton Quenching Layer in Organic Layer150]

When the organic light-emitting device 10 is a full-color organiclight-emitting device, the emission layer may be patterned into a redemission layer, a green emission layer, or a blue emission layer,according to a sub-pixel. In one or more embodiments, the emission layermay have a stacked structure of two or more layers selected from a redemission layer, a green emission layer, and a blue emission layer, inwhich the two or more layers contact each other or are separated fromeach other. In one or more embodiments, the emission layer may includetwo or more materials selected from a red light-emitting material, agreen light-emitting material, and a blue light-emitting material, inwhich the two or more materials are mixed with each other in a singlelayer to emit white light.

In one embodiment, the emission layer may include a host and a dopant,and the host may include a fluorescent dopant.

In one embodiment,

(i) the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy level (E_(HH))of the host, the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy level(E_(HL)) of the host, the HOMO energy level (E_(DH)) of the fluorescentdopant, and the LUMO energy level (E_(DL)) of the fluorescent dopantsatisfy |E_(DH)|>|E_(HH)| and |E_(DL)|>|E_(HH)|, and

the triplet exciton quenching layer is disposed between the emissionlayer and the electron transport region; or

(ii) the HOMO energy level (E_(HH)) of the host, the LUMO energy level(E_(HL)) of the host, the HOMO energy level (E_(DH)) of the fluorescentdopant, and the LUMO energy level (E_(DL)) of the fluorescent dopantsatisfy |E_(DH)|<|E_(HH)| and |E_(DL)|<|E_(HH)|, and

the triplet exciton quenching layer may be disposed between the emissionlayer and the hole transport region.

In one embodiment,

(i) the HOMO energy level (E_(HH)) of the host, the LUMO energy level(E_(HL)) of the host, the HOMO energy level (E_(DH)) of the fluorescentdopant, and the LUMO energy level (E_(DL)) of the fluorescent dopantsatisfy |E_(DH)|>|E_(HH)| and |E_(DL)|>|E_(HH)|,

the electron transport region includes a hole blocking layer, and

the triplet exciton quenching layer may be disposed between the emissionlayer and the hole blocking layer.

In this case, for example, the triplet exciton quenching layer may be indirect contact with (e.g., may directly contact) the emission layer andthe hole blocking layer.

In one or more embodiments,

(ii) the HOMO energy level (E_(HH)) of the host, the LUMO energy level(E_(HL)) of the host, the HOMO energy level (E_(DH)) of the fluorescentdopant, and the LUMO energy level (E_(DL)) of the fluorescent dopantsatisfy |E_(DH)|<|E_(HH)| and |E_(DL)|<|E_(HL)|,

the hole transport region includes an electron blocking layer, and

the triplet exciton quenching layer may be disposed between the emissionlayer and the electron blocking layer.

In this case, for example, the triplet exciton quenching layer may be indirect contact with the emission layer and the electron blocking layer.

Referring to FIG. 2, when the HOMO energy level (E_(HH)) of the host,the LUMO energy level (E_(HL)) of the host, the HOMO energy level(E_(DH)) of the fluorescent dopant, and the LUMO energy level (E_(DL))of the fluorescent dopant satisfy |E_(DH)|′ |E_(HH)| and|E_(DL)|>|E_(HL)|, the exciton recombination region in the emissionlayer is formed close to the hole transport region in the emissionlayer. In this case, since the triplet exciton quenching layer isdisposed between the emission layer and the electron transport region,the triplet exciton quenching layer quenches not the singlet excitons,but instead optionally quenches the triplet excitons. Therefore, afluorescent device having a long lifespan may be implemented while areduction in efficiency of an organic light-emitting device is moreeffectively prevented or lessened.

Referring to FIG. 3, when the HOMO energy level (E_(HH)) of the host,the LUMO energy level (E_(HL)) of the host, the HOMO energy level(E_(DH)) of the fluorescent dopant, and the LUMO energy level (E_(DL))of the fluorescent dopant satisfy |E_(DH)|<|E_(HH)| and|E_(DL)|<|E_(HL)|, the exciton recombination region in the emissionlayer is formed close to the electron transport region in the emissionlayer. In this case, since the triplet exciton quenching layer isdisposed between the emission layer and the hole transport region, thetriplet exciton quenching layer quenches not the singlet excitons, butinstead optionally quenches the triplet excitons. Therefore, afluorescent device having a long lifespan may be implemented while areduction in efficiency of an organic light-emitting device is moreeffectively prevented or lessened.

In one or more embodiments,

(i) The fluorescent dopant may be a hole trapping emitter, and thetriplet exciton quenching layer may be disposed between the emissionlayer and the electron transport region; or

(ii) the fluorescent dopant may be an electron trapping emitter, and thetriplet exciton quenching layer may be disposed between the emissionlayer and the hole transport region.

As used herein, the term “hole trapping emitter” may refer to acomponent having a HOMO energy level and a LUMO energy level higher thanthose of the host. As used herein, the term “electron trapping emitter”may refer to a component having a HOMO energy level and a LUMO energylevel lower than those of the host.

When the fluorescent dopant is the hole trapping emitter, the excitonrecombination region in the emission layer is formed close to the holetransport region in the emission layer. In this case, since the tripletexciton quenching layer is disposed between the emission layer and theelectron transport region, the triplet exciton quenching layer quenchesnot the singlet excitons, but instead optionally quenches the tripletexcitons. Therefore, a fluorescent device having a long lifespan may beimplemented while a reduction in efficiency of an organic light-emittingdevice is more effectively prevented or lessened.

When the fluorescent dopant is the electron trapping emitter, theexciton recombination region in the emission layer is formed close tothe electron transport region in the emission layer. In this case, sincethe triplet exciton quenching layer is disposed between the emissionlayer and the hole transport region, the triplet exciton quenching layerquenches not the singlet excitons, but instead optionally quenches thetriplet excitons. Therefore, a fluorescent device having a long lifespanmay be implemented while a reduction in efficiency of an organiclight-emitting device is more effectively prevented or reduced.

An amount of the dopant in the emission layer may be in a range betweenabout 0.01 parts by weight to about 15 parts by weight based on 100parts by weight of the host, but embodiments of the present disclosureare not limited thereto.

A thickness of the emission layer may be in a range of about 100 Å toabout 1,000 Å, for example, about 200 Å to about 600 Å. When thethickness of the emission layer is within this range, excellentlight-emission characteristics may be obtained without a substantialincrease in driving voltage.

In one embodiment, the triplet exciton quenching layer may include atriplet exciton quenching additive. As the triplet exciton quenchingadditive, a material in which a T₁ energy level of the triplet excitonquenching additive is lower than a T₁ energy level of the host may beused.

In one embodiment, the triplet exciton quenching additive may include aheavy atom.

In one or more embodiments, the triplet exciton quenching additive mayinclude a halogen group heavy atom.

For example, the triplet exciton quenching additive may include a Bratom or an I atom, but embodiments of the present disclosure are notlimited thereto.

In one or more embodiments, the triplet exciton quenching additive mayinclude a heavy atom, and may further include a compound having a T₁energy level lower than that of the host. For example, the tripletexciton quenching additive may include a Br atom or an I atom, and mayfurther include, for example, an organic compound having a low T₁ energylevel, such as DPVBi, but embodiments of the present disclosure are notlimited thereto:

In one embodiment, an amount of the triplet exciton quenching additivemay be in a range of about 0.1 wt % to about 2 wt % (e.g., based on thetotal weight of the triplet exciton quenching layer) in the tripletexciton quenching layer.

In one embodiment, the triplet exciton quenching layer may furthercomprise a first base material.

In one embodiment, the first base material may be the same as the hostin the emission layer.

In one embodiment, when the triplet exciton quenching layer furthercomprises a first material, an amount of the first base material may bein a range of about 80 wt % to about 99.9 wt %, or about 95 wt % toabout 99.9 wt %, or about 98 wt % to about 99.9% (e.g., based on thetotal weight of the triplet exciton quenching layer) in the tripletexciton quenching layer.

In one embodiment, a thickness of the triplet exciton quenching layermay be in a range of about 0.01 nm to about 2 nm. For example, thethickness of the triplet exciton quenching layer may be in a range ofabout 0.1 nm to about 1 nm, but embodiments of the present disclosureare not limited thereto.

In one embodiment, the emission layer may emit blue fluorescence havinga maximum emission wavelength of about 440 nm to about 490 nm (or amaximum emission wavelength of about 450 nm to about 490 nm).

In one embodiment, a ratio of a delayed fluorescence component to atotal light-emitting component emitted from the emission layer may beabout 20% or less.

As an intrinsic cause to determine (or reduce) the lifespan of theorganic light-emitting device, triplet-triplet annihilation (TTA),triplet-polaron quenching (TPQ), or the like have been discovered. Thisis a phenomenon that a material of a device is degraded by a tripletexciton, that is an exciton having a long lifespan.

Although the present disclosure should not be limited to a specificmechanism or theory, since the organic light-emitting device accordingto the present disclosure includes the triplet exciton quenching layerbetween the emission layer and the electrode, the lifespan of afluorescent device may be increased by quenching triplet excitons (thatis excitons having a long lifespan).

In addition, since the triplet exciton quenching layer exists as a layerseparate from the emission layer, the exciton recombination region maybe separated from the region in which the triplet exciton is quenched.Therefore, due to the inclusion of the triplet exciton quenching layer,the efficiency of the organic light-emitting device is not reduced, andthe lifespan of the organic light-emitting device is increased.

Host in Emission Layer

In one or more embodiments, the host may include a compound representedby Formula 301:

[Ar₃₀₁]_(xb11)-[(L₃₀₁)_(xb1)-R₃₀₁]_(xb21).  Formula 301

In Formula 301,

Ar₃₀₁ may be a substituted or unsubstituted C₅-C₆₀ carbocyclic group ora substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heterocyclic group,

xb11 may be 1, 2, or 3,

L₃₀₁ may be selected from a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀arylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroarylenegroup, a substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensedpolycyclic group, and a substituted or unsubstituted divalentnon-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group,

xb1 may be an integer from 0 to 5,

R₃₀₁ may be selected from deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group,a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, ahydrazono group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, a substituted or unsubstitutedC₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkylgroup, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀aryloxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a substituted orunsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, asubstituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensedheteropolycyclic group, —Si(Q₃₀₁)(Q₃₀₂)(Q₃₀₃), —N(Q₃₀₁)(Q₃₀₂),—B(Q₃₀₁)(Q₃₀₂), —C(═O)(Q₃₀₁), —S(═O)₂(Q₃₀₁), and —P(═O)(Q₃₀₁)(Q₃₀₂),

xb21 may be an integer from 1 to 5, and

Q₃₀₁ to Q₃₀₃ may each independently be selected from a C₁-C₁₀ alkylgroup, a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, aterphenyl group, and a naphthyl group, but embodiments of the presentdisclosure are not limited thereto.

In one embodiment, Ar₃₀₁ in Formula 301 may be selected from:

a naphthalene group, a fluorene group, a spiro-bifluorene group, abenzofluorene group, a dibenzofluorene group, a phenalene group, aphenanthrene group, an anthracene group, a fluoranthene group, atriphenylene group, a pyrene group, a chrysene group, a naphthacenegroup, a picene group, a perylene group, a pentaphene group, anindenoanthracene group, a dibenzofuran group, and a dibenzothiophenegroup; and

a naphthalene group, a fluorene group, a spiro-bifluorene group, abenzofluorene group, a dibenzofluorene group, a phenalene group, aphenanthrene group, an anthracene group, a fluoranthene group, atriphenylene group, a pyrene group, a chrysene group, a naphthacenegroup, a picene group, a perylene group, a pentaphene group, anindenoanthracene group, a dibenzofuran group, and a dibenzothiophenegroup, each substituted with at least one selected from deuterium, —F,—Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidinogroup, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, aC₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenylgroup, a naphthyl group, —Si(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂)(Q₃₃), —N(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂), —B(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂),—C(═O)(Q₃₁), —S(═O)₂(Q₃₁) and —P(═O)(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂), and

Q₃₁ to Q₃₃ may each independently be selected from a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group,a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenylgroup, and a naphthyl group, but embodiments of the present disclosureare not limited thereto.

When xb11 in Formula 301 is two or more, two or more Ar301(s) may belinked via a single bond.

In one or more embodiments, the compound represented by Formula 301 maybe represented by Formula 301-1 or 301-2:

In Formulae 301-1 and 301-2,

A₃₀₁ to A₃₀₄ may each independently be selected from a benzene group, anaphthalene group, a phenanthrene group, a fluoranthene group, atriphenylene group, a pyrene group, a chrysene group, a pyridine group,a pyrimidine group, an indene group, a fluorene group, aspiro-bifluorene group, a benzofluorene group, a dibenzofluorene group,an indole group, a carbazole group, a benzocarbazole group, adibenzocarbazole group, a furan group, a benzofuran group, adibenzofuran group, a naphthofuran group, a benzonaphthofuran group, adinaphthofuran group, a thiophene group, a benzothiophene group, adibenzothiophene group, a naphthothiophene, a benzonaphthothiophenegroup, and a dinaphthothiophene group,

X₃₀₁ may be O, S, or N-[(L₃₀₄)_(xb4)-R₃₀₄],

R₃₁₁ to R₃₁₄ may each independently be selected from hydrogen,deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C₁-C₂₀alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, aterphenyl group, a naphthyl group —Si(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂)(Q₃₃), —N(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂),—B(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂), —C(═O)(Q₃₁), —S(═O)₂(Q₃₁), and —P(═O)(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂),

xb22 and xb23 may each independently be 0, 1, or 2,

L₃₀₁, xb1, R₃₀₁, and Q₃₁ to Q₃₃ may each independently be the same asdescribed above,

L₃₀₂ to L₃₀₄ may each independently be the same as described inconnection with L₃₀₁,

xb2 to xb4 may each independently be the same as described in connectionwith xb1, and

R₃₀₂ to R₃₀₄ may each independently be the same as described inconnection with R₃₀₁.

For example, in Formulae 301, 301-1, and 301-2, L₃₀₁ to L₃₀₄ may eachindependently be selected from:

a phenylene group, a naphthylene group, a fluorenylene group, aspiro-bifluorenylene group, a benzofluorenylene group, adibenzofluorenylene group, a phenanthrenylene group, an anthracenylenegroup, a fluoranthenylene group, a triphenylenylene group, a pyrenylenegroup, a chrysenylene group, a perylenylene group, a pentaphenylenegroup, a hexacenylene group, a pentacenylene group, a thiophenylenegroup, a furanylene group, a carbazolylene group, an indolylene group,an isoindolylene group, a benzofuranylene group, a benzothiophenylenegroup, a dibenzofuranylene group, a dibenzothiophenylene group, abenzocarbazolylene group, a dibenzocarbazolylene group, adibenzosilolylene group, a pyridinylene group, an imidazolylene group, apyrazolylene group, a thiazolylene group, an isothiazolylene group, anoxazolylene group, an isoxazolylene group, a thiadiazolylene group, anoxadiazolylene group, a pyrazinylene group, a pyrimidinylene group, apyridazinylene group, a triazinylene group, a quinolinylene group, anisoquinolinylene group, a benzoquinolinylene group, a phthalazinylenegroup, a naphthyridinylene group, a quinoxalinylene group, aquinazolinylene group, a cinnolinylene group, a phenanthridinylenegroup, an acridinylene group, a phenanthrolinylene group, aphenazinylene group, a benzimidazolylene group, an isobenzothiazolylenegroup, a benzoxazolylene group, an isobenzoxazolylene group, atriazolylene group, a tetrazolylene group, an imidazopyridinylene group,an imidazopyrimidinylene group, and an azacarbazolylene group; and

a phenylene group, a naphthylene group, a fluorenylene group, aspiro-bifluorenylene group, a benzofluorenylene group, adibenzofluorenylene group, a phenanthrenylene group, an anthracenylenegroup, a fluoranthenylene group, a triphenylenylene group, a pyrenylenegroup, a chrysenylene group, a perylenylene group, a pentaphenylenegroup, a hexacenylene group, a pentacenylene group, a thiophenylenegroup, a furanylene group, a carbazolylene group, an indolylene group,an isoindolylene group, a benzofuranylene group, a benzothiophenylenegroup, a dibenzofuranylene group, a dibenzothiophenylene group, abenzocarbazolylene group, a dibenzocarbazolylene group, adibenzosilolylene group, a pyridinylene group, an imidazolylene group, apyrazolylene group, a thiazolylene group, an isothiazolylene group, anoxazolylene group, an isoxazolylene group, a thiadiazolylene group, anoxadiazolylene group, a pyrazinylene group, a pyrimidinylene group, apyridazinylene group, a triazinylene group, a quinolinylene group, anisoquinolinylene group, a benzoquinolinylene group, a phthalazinylenegroup, a naphthyridinylene group, a quinoxalinylene group, aquinazolinylene group, a cinnolinylene group, a phenanthridinylenegroup, an acridinylene group, a phenanthrolinylene group, aphenazinylene group, a benzimidazolylene group, an isobenzothiazolylenegroup, a benzoxazolylene group, an isobenzoxazolylene group, atriazolylene group, a tetrazolylene group, an imidazopyridinylene group,an imidazopyrimidinylene group, and an azacarbazolylene group, eachsubstituted with at least one selected from deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I,a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, ahydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, anaphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, abenzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group,an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, apyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a perylenyl group, a pentaphenylgroup, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenyl group, a thiophenyl group, afuranyl group, a carbazolyl group, an indolyl group, an isoindolylgroup, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, a dibenzofuranylgroup, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolyl group, adibenzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzosilolyl group, a pyridinyl group, animidazolyl group, a pyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolylgroup, an oxazolyl group, an isoxazolyl group, a thiadiazolyl group, anoxadiazolyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinylgroup, a triazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, abenzoquinolinyl group, a phthalazinyl group, a naphthyridinyl group, aquinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, aphenanthridinyl group, an acridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, aphenazinyl group, a benzimidazolyl group, an isobenzothiazolyl group, abenzoxazolyl group, an isobenzoxazolyl group, a triazolyl group, atetrazolyl group, an imidazopyridinyl group, an imidazopyrimidinylgroup, an azacarbazolyl group, —Si(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂)(Q₃₃), —N(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂),—B(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂), —C(═O)(Q₃₁), —S(═O)₂(Q₃₁) and —P(═O)(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂), and

Q₃₁ to Q₃₃ may each independently be the same as described above.

In one embodiment, in Formulae 301, 301-1, and 301-2, R₃₀₁ to R₃₀₄ mayeach independently be selected from:

a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, afluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, adibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, afluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenylgroup, a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, apentacenyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a carbazolylgroup, an indolyl group, an isoindolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, abenzothiophenyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenylgroup, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, adibenzosilolyl group, a pyridinyl group, an imidazolyl group, apyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, an oxazolylgroup, an isoxazolyl group, a thiadiazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group,a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinylgroup, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinylgroup, a phthalazinyl group, a naphthyridinyl group, a quinoxalinylgroup, a quinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, a phenanthridinylgroup, an acridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group,a benzimidazolyl group, an isobenzothiazolyl group, a benzoxazolylgroup, an isobenzoxazolyl group, a triazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group,an imidazopyridinyl group, an imidazopyrimidinyl group, and anazacarbazolyl group; and

a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, afluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, adibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, afluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenylgroup, a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, apentacenyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a carbazolylgroup, an indolyl group, an isoindolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, abenzothiophenyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenylgroup, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, adibenzosilolyl group, a pyridinyl group, an imidazolyl group, apyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, an oxazolylgroup, an isoxazolyl group, a thiadiazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group,a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinylgroup, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinylgroup, a phthalazinyl group, a naphthyridinyl group, a quinoxalinylgroup, a quinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, a phenanthridinylgroup, an acridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group,a benzimidazolyl group, an isobenzothiazolyl group, a benzoxazolylgroup, an isobenzoxazolyl group, a triazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group,an imidazopyridinyl group, an imidazopyrimidinyl group, and anazacarbazolyl group, each substituted with at least one selected fromdeuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C₁-C₂₀alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, aterphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, aspiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenylgroup, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenylgroup, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, aperylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenylgroup, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a carbazolyl group, anindolyl group, an isoindolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, abenzothiophenyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenylgroup, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, adibenzosilolyl group, a pyridinyl group, an imidazolyl group, apyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, an oxazolylgroup, an isoxazolyl group, a thiadiazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group,a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinylgroup, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinylgroup, a phthalazinyl group, a naphthyridinyl group, a quinoxalinylgroup, a quinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, a phenanthridinylgroup, an acridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group,a benzimidazolyl group, an isobenzothiazolyl group, a benzoxazolylgroup, an isobenzoxazolyl group, a triazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group,an imidazopyridinyl group, an imidazopyrimidinyl group, an azacarbazolylgroup, —Si(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂)(Q₃₃), —N(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂), —B(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂), —C(═O)(Q₃₁),—S(═O)₂(Q₃₁), and —P(═O)(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂), and

Q₃₁ to Q₃₃ may each independently be the same as described above.

In one or more embodiments, the host may include an alkaline earth metalcomplex. For example, the host may be selected from a Be complex (forexample, Compound H55), a Mg complex, and a Zn complex.

In one embodiment, the host may include a compound represented byFormula 301-3:

In Formula 301-3,

A₃₀₁ to A₃₀₄ may each independently be selected from a benzene group, anaphthalene group, a phenanthrene group, a fluoranthene group, atriphenylene group, a pyrene group, a chrysene group, a pyridine group,a pyrimidine group, an indene group, a fluorene group, aspiro-bifluorene group, a benzofluorene group, a dibenzofluorene group,an indole group, a carbazole group, a benzocarbazole group, adibenzocarbazole group, a furan group, a benzofuran group, adibenzofuran group, a naphthofuran group, a benzonaphthofuran group, adinaphthofuran group, a thiophene group, a benzothiophene group, adibenzothiophene group, a naphthothiophene group, abenzonaphthothiophene group, and a dinaphthothiophene group,

X₃₀₁ may be O, S, or N-[(L₃₀₄)_(xb4)-R₃₀₄],

R₃₁₁ to R₃₁₄ may each independently be selected from hydrogen,deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C₁-C₂₀alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, aterphenyl group, a naphthyl group —Si(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂)(Q₃₃), —N(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂),—B(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂), —C(═O)(Q₃₁), —S(═O)₂(Q₃₁), and —P(═O)(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂),

xb22 and xb23 may each independently be 0, 1, or 2,

L₃₀₁ to L₃₀₅ may each independently be selected from a substituted orunsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkylene group, a substituted or unsubstitutedC₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀arylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroarylenegroup, a substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensedpolycyclic group, and a substituted or unsubstituted divalentnon-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group,

xb1 to xb4 may each independently be an integer from 1 to 5,

xb5 may be an integer from 0 to 5,

R₃₀₁ to R₃₀₄ may each independently be selected from deuterium, —F, —Cl,—Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidinogroup, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀alkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstitutedC₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ arylgroup, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a substituted or unsubstitutedmonovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a substituted orunsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group,—Si(Q₃₀₁)(Q₃₀₂)(Q₃₀₃), —N(Q₃O(Q₃₀₂), —B(Q₃₀₁)(Q₃₀₂), —C(═O)(Q₃₀₁),—S(═O)₂(Q₃₀₁), and —P(═O)(Q₃₀₁)(Q₃₀₂), and

Q₃₁ to Q₃₃ may each independently be selected from a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group,a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenylgroup, and a naphthyl group.

The host may include at least one selected from9,10-di(2-naphthyl)anthracene (ADN),2-methyl-9,10-bis(naphthalen-2-yl)anthracene (MADN),9,10-di-(2-naphthyl)-2-t-butyl-anthracene (TBADN),4,4′-bis(N-carbazolyl)-1,1′-biphenyl (CBP), 1,3-di-9-carbazolylbenzene(mCP), 1,3,5-tri(carbazol-9-yl)benzene (TCP), and Compounds H1 to H55,but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto:

Fluorescent Dopant in Emission Layer

The fluorescent dopant may include a compound represented by Formula501.

The fluorescent dopant may include an arylamine compound or astyrylamine compound.

The fluorescent dopant may include a compound represented by Formula501:

In Formula 501,

Ar₅₀₁ may be a substituted or unsubstituted C₅-C₆₀ carbocyclic group ora substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heterocyclic group,

L₅₀₁ to L₅₀₃ may each independently be selected from a substituted orunsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkylene group, a substituted or unsubstitutedC₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀arylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroarylenegroup, a substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensedpolycyclic group, and a substituted or unsubstituted divalentnon-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group,

xd1 to xd3 may each independently be an integer from 0 to 3,

R₅₀₁ and R₅₀₂ may each independently be selected from a substituted orunsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstitutedC₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ arylgroup, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a substituted or unsubstitutedmonovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, and a substituted orunsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group,and

xd4 may be an integer from 1 to 6.

In one embodiment, Ar₅₀₁ in Formula 501 may be selected from:

a naphthalene group, a heptalene group, a fluorene group, aspiro-bifluorene group, a benzofluorene group, a dibenzofluorene group,a phenalene group, a phenanthrene group, an anthracene group, afluoranthene group, a triphenylene group, a pyrene group, a chrysenegroup, a naphthacene group, a picene group, a perylene group, apentaphene group, an indenoanthracene group, and an indenophenanthrenegroup; and

a naphthalene group, a heptalene group, a fluorene group, aspiro-bifluorene group, a benzofluorene group, a dibenzofluorene group,a phenalene group, a phenanthrene group, an anthracene group, afluoranthene group, a triphenylene group, a pyrene group, a chrysenegroup, a naphthacene group, a picene group, a perylene group, apentaphene group, an indenoanthracene group, and an indenophenanthrenegroup, each substituted with at least one selected from deuterium, —F,—Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidinogroup, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, aC₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenylgroup, and a naphthyl group.

In one or more embodiments, L₅₀₁ to L₅₀₃ in Formula 501 may eachindependently be selected from:

a phenylene group, a naphthylene group, a fluorenylene group, aspiro-bifluorenylene group, a benzofluorenylene group, adibenzofluorenylene group, a phenanthrenylene group, an anthracenylenegroup, a fluoranthenylene group, a triphenylenylene group, a pyrenylenegroup, a chrysenylene group, a perylenylene group, a pentaphenylenegroup, a hexacenylene group, a pentacenylene group, a thiophenylenegroup, a furanylene group, a carbazolylene group, an indolylene group,an isoindolylene group, a benzofuranylene group, a benzothiophenylenegroup, a dibenzofuranylene group, a dibenzothiophenylene group, abenzocarbazolylene group, a dibenzocarbazolylene group, adibenzosilolylene group, and a pyridinylene group; and

a phenylene group, a naphthylene group, a fluorenylene group, aspiro-bifluorenylene group, a benzofluorenylene group, adibenzofluorenylene group, a phenanthrenylene group, an anthracenylenegroup, a fluoranthenylene group, a triphenylenylene group, a pyrenylenegroup, a chrysenylene group, a perylenylene group, a pentaphenylenegroup, a hexacenylene group, a pentacenylene group, a thiophenylenegroup, a furanylene group, a carbazolylene group, an indolylene group,an isoindolylene group, a benzofuranylene group, a benzothiophenylenegroup, a dibenzofuranylene group, a dibenzothiophenylene group, abenzocarbazolylene group, a dibenzocarbazolylene group, adibenzosilolylene group, and a pyridinylene group, each substituted withat least one selected from deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxylgroup, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazinogroup, a hydrazono group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, aphenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, afluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, adibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, afluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenylgroup, a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, apentacenyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a carbazolylgroup, an indolyl group, an isoindolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, abenzothiophenyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenylgroup, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, adibenzosilolyl group, and a pyridinyl group.

In one or more embodiments, in Formula 501, R₅₀₁ and R₅₀₂ may eachindependently be selected from:

a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, afluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, adibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, afluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenylgroup, a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, apentacenyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a carbazolylgroup, an indolyl group, an isoindolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, abenzothiophenyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenylgroup, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, adibenzosilolyl group, and a pyridinyl group; and

a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, afluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, adibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, afluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenylgroup, a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, apentacenyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a carbazolylgroup, an indolyl group, an isoindolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, abenzothiophenyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenylgroup, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, adibenzosilolyl group, and a pyridinyl group, each substituted with atleast one selected from deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, acyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, ahydrazono group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenylgroup, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, afluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, adibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, afluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenylgroup, a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, apentacenyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a carbazolylgroup, an indolyl group, an isoindolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, abenzothiophenyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenylgroup, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, adibenzosilolyl group, a pyridinyl group and —Si(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂)(Q₃₃), and

Q₃₁ to Q₃₃ may each independently be selected from a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group,a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenylgroup, and a naphthyl group.

In one or more embodiments, xd4 in Formula 501 may be 2, but embodimentsof the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

For example, the fluorescent dopant may be selected from Compounds FD1to FD22:

In one or more embodiments, the fluorescent dopant may be selected fromthe following compounds, but embodiments of the present disclosure arenot limited thereto:

Electron Transport Region in Organic Layer 150

The electron transport region may have i) a single-layered structureincluding a single layer including a single material, ii) asingle-layered structure including a single layer including a pluralityof different materials, or iii) a multi-layered structure having aplurality of layers including a plurality of different materials.

The electron transport region may include at least one selected from abuffer layer, a hole blocking layer, an electron control layer, anelectron transport layer, and an electron injection layer, butembodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

For example, the electron transport region may have an electrontransport layer/electron injection layer structure, a hole blockinglayer/electron transport layer/electron injection layer structure, anelectron control layer/electron transport layer/electron injection layerstructure, or a buffer layer/electron transport layer/electron injectionlayer structure, wherein for each structure, constituting layers aresequentially stacked from an emission layer. However, embodiments of thestructure of the electron transport region are not limited thereto.

The electron transport region (for example, a buffer layer, a holeblocking layer, an electron control layer, or an electron transportlayer in the electron transport region) may include a metal-freecompound containing at least one π electron-depleted nitrogen-containingring.

As used herein, the term “π electron-depleted nitrogen-containing ring”may refer to a C₁-C₆₀ heterocyclic group having at least one *—N=*′moiety as a ring-forming moiety.

For example, the “π electron-depleted nitrogen-containing ring” may bei) a 5-membered to 7-membered heteromonocyclic group having at least one*—N=*′ moiety, ii) a heteropolycyclic group in which two or more5-membered to 7-membered heteromonocyclic groups each having at leastone *—N=*′ moiety are condensed with each other, or iii) aheteropolycyclic group in which at least one of 5-membered to 7-memberedheteromonocyclic groups, each having at least one *—N═*′ moiety, iscondensed with at least one C₅-C₆₀ carbocyclic group.

Examples of the π electron-depleted nitrogen-containing ring include animidazole, a pyrazole, a thiazole, an isothiazole, an oxazole, anisoxazole, a pyridine, a pyrazine, a pyrimidine, a pyridazine, anindazole, a purine, a quinoline, an isoquinoline, a benzoquinoline, aphthalazine, a naphthyridine, a quinoxaline, a quinazoline, a cinnoline,a phenanthridine, an acridine, a phenanthroline, a phenazine, abenzimidazole, an isobenzothiazole, a benzoxazole, an isobenzoxazole, atriazole, a tetrazole, an oxadiazole, a triazine, thiadiazol, animidazopyridine, an imidazopyrimidine, and an azacarbazole, but are notlimited thereto.

For example, the electron transport region may include a compoundrepresented by Formula 601:

[Ar₆₀₁]_(xe11)[(L₆₀₁)_(xe11)-R₆₀₁]_(xe21)  Formula 601

In Formula 601,

Ar₆₀₁ may be a substituted or unsubstituted C₅-C₆₀ carbocyclic group ora substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heterocyclic group,

xe11 may be 1, 2, or 3,

L₆₀₁ may be selected from a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkenylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀arylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroarylenegroup, a substituted or unsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensedpolycyclic group, and a substituted or unsubstituted divalentnon-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group,

xe1 may be an integer from 0 to 5,

R₆₀₁ may be selected from a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkylgroup, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a substituted or unsubstitutedC₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroarylgroup, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensedpolycyclic group, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromaticcondensed heteropolycyclic group, —Si(Q₆₀₁)(Q₆₀₂)(Q₆₀₃), ——C(═O)(Q₆₀₁),—S(═O)₂(Q₆₀₁), and —P(═O)(Q₆₀₁)(Q₆₀₂),

Q₆₀₁ to Q₆₀₃ may each independently be a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, or anaphthyl group, and

xe21 may be an integer from 1 to 5.

In one embodiment, at least one selected from Ar₆₀₁ in the number ofxe11 and R₆₀₁ in the number of xe21 may include the π electron-depletednitrogen-containing ring.

In one embodiment, in Formula 601, ring Ar₆₀₁ may be selected from:

a benzene group, a naphthalene group, a fluorene group, aspiro-bifluorene group, a benzofluorene group, a dibenzofluorene group,a phenalene group, a phenanthrene group, an anthracene group, afluoranthene group, a triphenylene group, a pyrene group, a chrysenegroup, a naphthacene group, a picene group, a perylene group, apentaphene group, an indenoanthracene group, a dibenzofuran group, adibenzothiophene group, a carbazole group, an imidazole group, apyrazole group, a thiazole group, an isothiazole group, an oxazolegroup, an isoxazole group, a pyridine group, a pyrazine group, apyrimidine group, a pyridazine group, an indazole group, a purine group,a quinoline group, an isoquinoline group, a benzoquinoline group, aphthalazine group, a naphthyridine group, a quinoxaline group, aquinazoline group, a cinnoline group, a phenanthridine group, anacridine group, a phenanthroline group, a phenazine group, abenzimidazole group, an isobenzothiazole group, a benzoxazole group, anisobenzoxazole group, a triazole group, a tetrazole group, an oxadiazolegroup, a triazine group, a thiadiazole group, an imidazopyridine group,an imidazopyrimidine group, and an azacarbazole group; and

a benzene group, a naphthalene group, a fluorene group, aspiro-bifluorene group, a benzofluorene group, a dibenzofluorene group,a phenalene group, a phenanthrene group, an anthracene group, afluoranthene group, a triphenylene group, a pyrene group, a chrysenegroup, a naphthacene group, a picene group, a perylene group, apentaphene group, an indenoanthracene group, a dibenzofuran group, adibenzothiophene group, a carbazole group, an imidazole group, apyrazole group, a thiazole group, an isothiazole group, an oxazolegroup, an isoxazole group, a pyridine group, a pyrazine group, apyrimidine group, a pyridazine group, an indazole group, a purine group,a quinoline group, an isoquinoline group, a benzoquinoline group, aphthalazine group, a naphthyridine group, a quinoxaline group, aquinazoline group, a cinnoline group, a phenanthridine group, anacridine group, a phenanthroline group, a phenazine group, abenzimidazole group, an isobenzothiazole group, a benzoxazole group, anisobenzoxazole group, a triazole group, a tetrazole group, an oxadiazolegroup, a triazine group, a thiadiazole group, an imidazopyridine group,an imidazopyrimidine group, and an azacarbazole group, each substitutedwith at least one selected from deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxylgroup, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazinogroup, a hydrazono group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, aphenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group,—Si(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂)(Q₃₃), —S(═O)₂(Q₃₁) and —P(═O)(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂), and

Q₃₁ to Q₃₃ may each independently be selected from a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group,a C₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenylgroup, and a naphthyl group.

When xe11 in Formula 601 is two or more, two or more Ar601(s) may belinked via a single bond.

In one or more embodiments, Ar_(m) in Formula 601 may be an anthracenegroup.

In one or more embodiments, a compound represented by Formula 601 may berepresented by Formula 601-1:

In Formula 601-1,

X₆₁₄ may be N or C(R₆₁₄), X₆₁₅ may be N or C(R₆₁₅), and X₆₁₆ may be N orC(R₆₁₆), wherein at least one selected from X₆₁₄ to X₆₁₆ may be N,

L₆₁₁ to L₆₁₃ may each independently be the same as described inconnection with L₆₀₁,

xe611 to xe613 may each independently be the same as described inconnection with xe1,

R₆₁₁ to R₆₁₃ may each independently be the same as described inconnection with R₆₀₁,

R₆₁₄ to R₆₁₆ may each independently be selected from hydrogen,deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C₁-C₂₀alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, aterphenyl group, and a naphthyl group.

In one embodiment, L₆₀₁ and L₆₁₁ to L₆₁₃ in Formulae 601 and 601-1 mayeach independently be selected from:

a phenylene group, a naphthylene group, a fluorenylene group, aspiro-bifluorenylene group, a benzofluorenylene group, adibenzofluorenylene group, a phenanthrenylene group, an anthracenylenegroup, a fluoranthenylene group, a triphenylenylene group, a pyrenylenegroup, a chrysenylene group, a perylenylene group, a pentaphenylenegroup, a hexacenylene group, a pentacenylene group, a thiophenylenegroup, a furanylene group, a carbazolylene group, an indolylene group,an isoindolylene group, a benzofuranylene group, a benzothiophenylenegroup, a dibenzofuranylene group, a dibenzothiophenylene group, abenzocarbazolylene group, a dibenzocarbazolylene group, adibenzosilolylene group, a pyridinylene group, an imidazolylene group, apyrazolylene group, a thiazolylene group, an isothiazolylene group, anoxazolylene group, an isoxazolylene group, a thiadiazolylene group, anoxadiazolylene group, a pyrazinylene group, a pyrimidinylene group, apyridazinylene group, a triazinylene group, a quinolinylene group, anisoquinolinylene group, a benzoquinolinylene group, a phthalazinylenegroup, a naphthyridinylene group, a quinoxalinylene group, aquinazolinylene group, a cinnolinylene group, a phenanthridinylenegroup, an acridinylene group, a phenanthrolinylene group, aphenazinylene group, a benzimidazolylene group, an isobenzothiazolylenegroup, a benzoxazolylene group, an isobenzoxazolylene group, atriazolylene group, a tetrazolylene group, an imidazopyridinylene group,an imidazopyrimidinylene group, and an azacarbazolylene group; and

a phenylene group, a naphthylene group, a fluorenylene group, aspiro-bifluorenylene group, a benzofluorenylene group, adibenzofluorenylene group, a phenanthrenylene group, an anthracenylenegroup, a fluoranthenylene group, a triphenylenylene group, a pyrenylenegroup, a chrysenylene group, a perylenylene group, a pentaphenylenegroup, a hexacenylene group, a pentacenylene group, a thiophenylenegroup, a furanylene group, a carbazolylene group, an indolylene group,an isoindolylene group, a benzofuranylene group, a benzothiophenylenegroup, a dibenzofuranylene group, a dibenzothiophenylene group, abenzocarbazolylene group, a dibenzocarbazolylene group, adibenzosilolylene group, a pyridinylene group, an imidazolylene group, apyrazolylene group, a thiazolylene group, an isothiazolylene group, anoxazolylene group, an isoxazolylene group, a thiadiazolylene group, anoxadiazolylene group, a pyrazinylene group, a pyrimidinylene group, apyridazinylene group, a triazinylene group, a quinolinylene group, anisoquinolinylene group, a benzoquinolinylene group, a phthalazinylenegroup, a naphthyridinylene group, a quinoxalinylene group, aquinazolinylene group, a cinnolinylene group, a phenanthridinylenegroup, an acridinylene group, a phenanthrolinylene group, aphenazinylene group, a benzimidazolylene group, an isobenzothiazolylenegroup, a benzoxazolylene group, an isobenzoxazolylene group, atriazolylene group, a tetrazolylene group, an imidazopyridinylene group,an imidazopyrimidinylene group, and an azacarbazolylene group, eachsubstituted with at least one selected from deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I,a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, ahydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, anaphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, abenzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group,an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, apyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, a perylenyl group, a pentaphenylgroup, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenyl group, a thiophenyl group, afuranyl group, a carbazolyl group, an indolyl group, an isoindolylgroup, a benzofuranyl group, a benzothiophenyl group, a dibenzofuranylgroup, a dibenzothiophenyl group, a benzocarbazolyl group, adibenzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzosilolyl group, a pyridinyl group, animidazolyl group, a pyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolylgroup, an oxazolyl group, an isoxazolyl group, a thiadiazolyl group, anoxadiazolyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinylgroup, a triazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, abenzoquinolinyl group, a phthalazinyl group, a naphthyridinyl group, aquinoxalinyl group, a quinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, aphenanthridinyl group, an acridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, aphenazinyl group, a benzimidazolyl group, an isobenzothiazolyl group, abenzoxazolyl group, an isobenzoxazolyl group, a triazolyl group, atetrazolyl group, an imidazopyridinyl group, an imidazopyrimidinylgroup, and an azacarbazolyl group,

but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

In one or more embodiments, xe1 and xe611 to xe613 in Formulae 601 and601-1 may each independently be 0, 1, or 2.

In one or more embodiments, in Formulae 601 and 601-1, R₆₀₁ and R₆₁₁ toR₆₁₃ may each independently be selected from:

a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, afluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, adibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, afluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenylgroup, a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, apentacenyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a carbazolylgroup, an indolyl group, an isoindolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, abenzothiophenyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenylgroup, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, adibenzosilolyl group, a pyridinyl group, an imidazolyl group, apyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, an oxazolylgroup, an isoxazolyl group, a thiadiazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group,a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinylgroup, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinylgroup, a phthalazinyl group, a naphthyridinyl group, a quinoxalinylgroup, a quinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, a phenanthridinylgroup, an acridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group,a benzimidazolyl group, an isobenzothiazolyl group, a benzoxazolylgroup, an isobenzoxazolyl group, a triazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group,an imidazopyridinyl group, an imidazopyrimidinyl group, and anazacarbazolyl group;

a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, a naphthyl group, afluorenyl group, a spiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, adibenzofluorenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, afluoranthenyl group, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenylgroup, a perylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, apentacenyl group, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a carbazolylgroup, an indolyl group, an isoindolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, abenzothiophenyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenylgroup, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, adibenzosilolyl group, a pyridinyl group, an imidazolyl group, apyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, an oxazolylgroup, an isoxazolyl group, a thiadiazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group,a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinylgroup, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinylgroup, a phthalazinyl group, a naphthyridinyl group, a quinoxalinylgroup, a quinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, a phenanthridinylgroup, an acridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group,a benzimidazolyl group, an isobenzothiazolyl group, a benzoxazolylgroup, an isobenzoxazolyl group, a triazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group,an imidazopyridinyl group, an imidazopyrimidinyl group, and anazacarbazolyl group, each substituted with at least one selected fromdeuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C₁-C₂₀alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, aterphenyl group, a naphthyl group, a fluorenyl group, aspiro-bifluorenyl group, a benzofluorenyl group, a dibenzofluorenylgroup, a phenanthrenyl group, an anthracenyl group, a fluoranthenylgroup, a triphenylenyl group, a pyrenyl group, a chrysenyl group, aperylenyl group, a pentaphenyl group, a hexacenyl group, a pentacenylgroup, a thiophenyl group, a furanyl group, a carbazolyl group, anindolyl group, an isoindolyl group, a benzofuranyl group, abenzothiophenyl group, a dibenzofuranyl group, a dibenzothiophenylgroup, a benzocarbazolyl group, a dibenzocarbazolyl group, adibenzosilolyl group, a pyridinyl group, an imidazolyl group, apyrazolyl group, a thiazolyl group, an isothiazolyl group, an oxazolylgroup, an isoxazolyl group, a thiadiazolyl group, an oxadiazolyl group,a pyrazinyl group, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, a triazinylgroup, a quinolinyl group, an isoquinolinyl group, a benzoquinolinylgroup, a phthalazinyl group, a naphthyridinyl group, a quinoxalinylgroup, a quinazolinyl group, a cinnolinyl group, a phenanthridinylgroup, an acridinyl group, a phenanthrolinyl group, a phenazinyl group,a benzimidazolyl group, an isobenzothiazolyl group, a benzoxazolylgroup, an isobenzoxazolyl group, a triazolyl group, a tetrazolyl group,an imidazopyridinyl group, an imidazopyrimidinyl group, and anazacarbazolyl group; and

—S(═O)₂(Q₆₀₁) and P(═O)(Q₆₀₁)(Q₆₀₂), and

Q₆₀₁ and Q₆₀₂ may each independently be the same as described above.

The electron transport region may include at least one compound selectedfrom Compounds ET1 to ET36, but embodiments of the present disclosureare not limited thereto:

In one or more embodiments, the electron transport region may include atleast one compound selected from2,9-dimethyl-4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline (BCP),4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline (Bphen), Alq₃, BAlq,3-(biphenyl-4-yl)-5-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-4-phenyl-4H-1,2,4-triazole(TAZ),and NTAZ:

A thickness of the buffer layer, the hole blocking layer, or theelectron control layer may be in a range of about 20 Å to about 1,000 Å,for example, about 30 Å to about 300 Å. When the thicknesses of thebuffer layer, the hole blocking layer, and the electron control layerare within these ranges, the hole blocking layer may have excellent holeblocking characteristics and/or the electron control layer may haveexcellent electron control characteristics without a substantialincrease in driving voltage.

In one embodiment, the electron transport region may include a holeblocking layer, and the hole blocking layer may include an alkali metal,an alkaline earth metal, a rare earth metal, an alkali metal compound,an alkaline earth-metal compound, a rare earth metal compound, an alkalimetal complex, an alkaline earth-metal complex, a rare earth metalcomplex, or any combinations thereof.

A thickness of the electron transport layer may be in a range of about100 Å to about 1,000 Å, for example, about 150 Å to about 500 Å. Whenthe thickness of the electron transport layer is within the rangedescribed above, the electron transport layer may have suitable orsatisfactory electron transport characteristics without a substantialincrease in driving voltage.

The electron transport region (for example, the electron transport layerin the electron transport region) may further include, in addition tothe materials described above, a metal-containing material.

The metal-containing material may include at least one selected fromalkali metal complex and alkaline earth-metal complex. The alkali metalcomplex may include a metal ion selected from a Li ion, a Na ion, a Kion, a Rb ion, and a Cs ion, and the alkaline earth-metal complex mayinclude a metal ion selected from a Be ion, a Mg ion, a Ca ion, a Srion, and a Ba ion. A ligand coordinated with the metal ion of the alkalimetal complex or the alkaline earth-metal complex may be selected from ahydroxy quinoline, a hydroxy isoquinoline, a hydroxy benzoquinoline, ahydroxy acridine, a hydroxy phenanthridine, a hydroxy phenyloxazole, ahydroxy phenylthiazole, a hydroxy diphenyloxadiazole, a hydroxydiphenylthiadiazol, a hydroxy phenylpyridine, a hydroxyphenylbenzimidazole, a hydroxy phenylbenzothiazole, a bipyridine, aphenanthroline, and a cyclopentadiene, but embodiments of the presentdisclosure are not limited thereto.

For example, the metal-containing material may include a Li complex. TheLi complex may include, for example, Compound ET-D1 (lithium quinolate,LiQ) or ET-D2:

The electron transport region may include an electron injection layerthat facilitates injection of electrons from the second electrode 190.The electron injection layer may directly contact the second electrode190.

The electron injection layer may have i) a single-layered structureincluding a single layer including a single material, ii) asingle-layered structure including a single layer including a pluralityof different materials, or iii) a multi-layered structure having aplurality of layers including a plurality of different materials.

The electron injection layer may include an alkali metal, an alkalineearth metal, a rare earth metal, an alkali metal compound, an alkalineearth-metal compound, a rare earth metal compound, an alkali metalcomplex, an alkaline earth-metal complex, a rare earth metal complex, orany combinations thereof.

The alkali metal may be selected from Li, a Na, K, Rb, and Cs. In oneembodiment, the alkali metal may be Li, a Na, or Cs. In one or moreembodiments, the alkali metal may be Li or Cs, but embodiments of thepresent disclosure are not limited thereto.

The alkaline earth metal may be selected from Mg, Ca, Sr, and Ba.

The rare earth metal may be selected from Sc, Y, Ce, Tb, Yb, and Gd.

The alkali metal compound, the alkaline earth-metal compound, and therare earth metal compound may be selected from oxides and halides (forexample, fluorides, chlorides, bromides, or iodides) of the alkalimetal, the alkaline earth-metal, and the rare earth metal.

The alkali metal compound may be selected from alkali metal oxides, suchas Li₂O, Cs₂O, or K₂O, and alkali metal halides, such as LiF, NaF, CsF,KF, LiI, NaI, CsI, or KI. In one embodiment, the alkali metal compoundmay be selected from LiF, Li₂O, NaF, LiI, NaI, CsI, and KI, butembodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

The alkaline earth-metal compound may be selected from alkalineearth-metal oxides, such as BaO, SrO, CaO, Ba_(x)Sr_(1-x)O (0<x<1), orBa_(x)Ca₁₋xO (0<x<1). In one embodiment, the alkaline earth-metalcompound may be selected from BaO, SrO, and CaO, but embodiments of thepresent disclosure are not limited thereto.

The rare earth metal compound may be selected from YbF₃, ScF₃, ScO₃,Y₂O₃, Ce₂O₃, GdF₃, and TbF₃. In one embodiment, the rare earth metalcompound may be selected from YbF3, ScF₃, TbF₃, Ybl₃, ScI₃, and TbI₃,but embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto.

The alkali metal complex, the alkaline earth-metal complex, and the rareearth metal complex may include an ion of alkali metal, alkalineearth-metal, and rare earth metal as described above, and a ligandcoordinated with a metal ion of the alkali metal complex, the alkalineearth-metal complex, or the rare earth metal complex may be selectedfrom a hydroxy quinoline, a hydroxy isoquinoline, a hydroxybenzoquinoline, a hydroxy acridine, a hydroxy phenanthridine, a hydroxyphenyloxazole, a hydroxy phenylthiazole, a hydroxy diphenyloxadiazole, ahydroxy diphenylthiadiazol, a hydroxy phenylpyridine, a hydroxyphenylbenzimidazole, a hydroxy phenylbenzothiazole, a bipyridine, aphenanthroline, and a cyclopentadiene, but embodiments of the presentdisclosure are not limited thereto.

The electron injection layer may include (e.g., consist of) an alkalimetal, an alkaline earth metal, a rare earth metal, an alkali metalcompound, an alkaline earth-metal compound, a rare earth metal compound,an alkali metal complex, an alkaline earth-metal complex, a rare earthmetal complex, or any combinations thereof, as described above. In oneor more embodiments, the electron injection layer may further include anorganic material. When the electron injection layer further includes anorganic material, an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, a rare earthmetal, an alkali metal compound, an alkaline earth-metal compound, arare earth metal compound, an alkali metal complex, an alkalineearth-metal complex, a rare earth metal complex, or any combinationsthereof may be homogeneously or non-homogeneously dispersed in a matrixincluding the organic material.

A thickness of the electron injection layer may be in a range of about 1Å to about 100 Å, for example, about 3 Å to about 90 Å. When thethickness of the electron injection layer is within the range describedabove, the electron injection layer may have suitable or satisfactoryelectron injection characteristics without a substantial increase indriving voltage.

Second Electrode 190

The second electrode 190 may be disposed on the organic layer 150 havingsuch a structure. The second electrode 190 may be a cathode which is anelectron injection electrode, and in this regard, a material for formingthe second electrode 190 may be selected from metal, an alloy, anelectrically conductive compound, and a combination thereof, which havea relatively low work function.

The second electrode 190 may include at least one selected from lithium(Li), silver (Ag), magnesium (Mg), aluminum (Al), aluminum-lithium(Al—Li), calcium (Ca), magnesium-indium (Mg—In), magnesium-silver(Mg—Ag), ITO, and IZO, but embodiments of the present disclosure are notlimited thereto. The second electrode 190 may be a transmissiveelectrode, a semi-transmissive electrode, or a reflective electrode.

The second electrode 190 may have a single-layered structure, or amulti-layered structure including two or more layers.

Hereinbefore, the organic light-emitting device has been described withreference to FIG. 1, but embodiments of the present disclosure are notlimited thereto.

Layers constituting the hole transport region, an emission layer, andlayers constituting the electron transport region may be formed in acertain region by using one or more suitable methods selected fromvacuum deposition, spin coating, casting, Langmuir-Blodgett (LB)deposition, ink-jet printing, laser-printing, and laser-induced thermalimaging.

When layers constituting the hole transport region, an emission layer,and layers constituting the electron transport region are formed byvacuum deposition, for example, the vacuum deposition may be performedat a deposition temperature of about 100 to about 500° C., at a vacuumdegree of about 10⁻⁸ to about 10⁻³ torr, and at a deposition rate ofabout 0 to about 100 Å/sec by taking into account a material to beincluded in a layer to be formed, and the structure of a layer to beformed.

When layers constituting the hole transport region, an emission layer,and layers constituting the electron transport region are formed by spincoating, the spin coating may be performed at a coating speed of about2000 rpm to about 5000 rpm and at a heat treatment temperature of about80° C. to about 200° C. by taking into account a material to be includedin a layer to be formed, and the structure of a layer to be formed.

[General Definition of Some of the Substituents]

The term “C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group,” as used herein, refers to a linear orbranched aliphatic saturated hydrocarbon monovalent group having 1 to 60carbon atoms, and examples thereof include a methyl group, an ethylgroup, a propyl group, an isobutyl group, a sec-butyl group, atert-butyl group, a pentyl group, an isoamyl group, and a hexyl group.The term “C₁-C₆₀ alkylene group,” as used herein, refers to a divalentgroup having substantially the same structure as the C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group.

The term “C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group,” as used herein, refers to a hydrocarbongroup having at least one carbon-carbon double bond at a main chain(e.g., in the middle) or at a terminus of the C₂-C₆₀ alkyl group, andexamples thereof include an ethenyl group, a propenyl group, and abutenyl group. The term “C₂-C₆₀ alkenylene group,” as used herein,refers to a divalent group having substantially the same structure asthe C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group.

The term “C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group,” as used herein, refers to a hydrocarbongroup having at least one carbon-carbon triple bond at a main chain(e.g., in the middle) or at a terminus of the C₂-C₆₀ alkyl group, andexamples thereof include an ethynyl group, and a propynyl group. Theterm “C₂-C₆₀ alkynylene group,” as used herein, refers to a divalentgroup having substantially the same structure as the C₂-C₆₀ alkynylgroup.

The term “C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group,” as used herein, refers to a monovalentgroup represented by —OA₁₀₁ (wherein A₁₀₁ is the C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group),and examples thereof include a methoxy group, an ethoxy group, and anisopropyloxy group.

The term “C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group,” as used herein, refers to amonovalent saturated hydrocarbon monocyclic group having 3 to 10 carbonatoms, and examples thereof include a cyclopropyl group, a cyclobutylgroup, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, and a cycloheptyl group.The term “C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkylene group,” as used herein, refers to adivalent group having substantially the same structure as the C₃-C₁₀cycloalkyl group.

The term “C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group,” as used herein, refers to amonovalent monocyclic group having at least one heteroatom selected fromN, O, Si, P, and S as a ring-forming atom and 1 to 10 carbon atoms, andexamples thereof include a 1,2,3,4-oxatriazolidinyl group, atetrahydrofuranyl group, and a tetrahydrothiophenyl group. The term“C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkylene group,” as used herein, refers to a divalentgroup having substantially the same structure as the C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkyl group.

The term “C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group,” as used herein, refers to amonovalent monocyclic group that has 3 to 10 carbon atoms and at leastone carbon-carbon double bond in the ring thereof and no aromaticity(e.g., the entire group and/or molecule is non-aromatic), and examplesthereof include a cyclopentenyl group, a cyclohexenyl group, and acycloheptenyl group. The term “C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenylene group,” as usedherein, refers to a divalent group having substantially the samestructure as the C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group.

The term “C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group,” as used herein, refers to amonovalent monocyclic group that has at least one heteroatom selectedfrom N, O, Si, P, and S as a ring-forming atom, 1 to 10 carbon atoms,and at least one carbon-carbon double bond in its ring. Non-limitingexamples of the C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group include a4,5-dihydro-1,2,3,4-oxatriazolyl group, a 2,3-dihydrofuranyl group, anda 2,3-dihydrothiophenyl group. The term “C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenylenegroup,” as used herein, refers to a divalent group having substantiallythe same structure as the C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group.

The term “C₆-C₆₀ aryl group,” as used herein, refers to a monovalentgroup having a carbocyclic aromatic system having 6 to 60 carbon atoms,and a C₆-C₆₀ arylene group used herein refers to a divalent group havinga carbocyclic aromatic system having 6 to 60 carbon atoms. Non-limitingexamples of the C₆-C₆₀ aryl group include a phenyl group, a naphthylgroup, an anthracenyl group, a phenanthrenyl group, a pyrenyl group, anda chrysenyl group. When the C₆-C₆₀ aryl group and the C₆-C₆₀ arylenegroup each include two or more rings, the rings may be fused to eachother (e.g., combined together).

The term “C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group,” as used herein, refers to amonovalent group having a carbocyclic aromatic system that has at leastone heteroatom selected from N, O, Si, P, and S as a ring-forming atom,in addition to 1 to 60 carbon atoms. The term “C₁-C₆₀ heteroarylenegroup,” as used herein, refers to a divalent group having a carbocyclicaromatic system that has at least one heteroatom selected from N, O, Si,P, and S as a ring-forming atom, in addition to 1 to 60 carbon atoms.Non-limiting examples of the C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group include a pyridinylgroup, a pyrimidinyl group, a pyrazinyl group, a pyridazinyl group, atriazinyl group, a quinolinyl group, and an isoquinolinyl group. Whenthe C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group and the C₁-C₆₀ heteroarylene group eachinclude two or more rings, the rings may be condensed with each other.

The term “C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group,” as used herein, refers to —OA₁₀₂(wherein A₁₀₂ is the C₆-C₆₀ aryl group), and the term “C₆-C₆₀ arylthiogroup,” as used herein, indicates —SA₁₀₃ (wherein A₁₀₃ is the C₆-C₆₀aryl group).

The term “monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group,” as usedherein, refers to a monovalent group (for example, having 8 to 60 carbonatoms) having two or more rings condensed with each other (e.g.,combined together), only carbon atoms as ring-forming atoms, and noaromaticity in its entire molecular structure (e.g., the entire moleculeis non-aromatic). An example of the monovalent non-aromatic condensedpolycyclic group is a fluorenyl group. The term “divalent non-aromaticcondensed polycyclic group,” as used herein, refers to a divalent grouphaving substantially the same structure as the monovalent non-aromaticcondensed polycyclic group.

The term “monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group,” asused herein refers to a monovalent group (for example, having 1 to 60carbon atoms) having two or more rings condensed to each other, at leastone heteroatom selected from N, O, Si, P, and S, other than carbonatoms, as a ring-forming atom, and no aromaticity in its entiremolecular structure (e.g., the entire molecule is non-aromatic). Anexample of the monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic groupis a carbazolyl group. The term “divalent non-aromatic condensedheteropolycyclic group,” as used herein, refers to a divalent grouphaving substantially the same structure as the monovalent non-aromaticcondensed heteropolycyclic group.

The term “C₅-C₆₀ carbocyclic group,” as used herein, refers to amonocyclic or polycyclic group having 5 to 60 carbon atoms in which aring-forming atom is a carbon atom only. The C₅-C₆₀ carbocyclic groupmay be an aromatic carbocyclic group or a non-aromatic carbocyclicgroup. The C₅-C₆₀ carbocyclic group may be a ring, such as benzene, amonovalent group, such as a phenyl group, or a divalent group, such as aphenylene group. In one or more embodiments, depending on the number ofsubstituents connected to the C₅-C₆₀ carbocyclic group, the C₅-C₆₀carbocyclic group may be a trivalent group or a quadrivalent group.

The term “C₁-C₆₀ heterocyclic group,” as used herein, refers to a grouphaving substantially the same structure as the C₁-C₆₀ carbocyclic group,except that as a ring-forming atom, at least one heteroatom selectedfrom N, O, Si, P, and S is used in addition to carbon (the number ofcarbon atoms may be in a range of 1 to 60).

At least one substituent of the substituted C₅-C₆₀ carbocyclic group,the substituted C₁-C₆₀ heterocyclic group, the substituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkylene group, the substituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkylene group,the substituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenylene group, the substituted C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkenylene group, the substituted C₆-C₆₀ arylene group, thesubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroarylene group, the substituted divalentnon-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, the substituted divalentnon-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, the substituted C₁-C₆₀alkyl group, the substituted C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, the substitutedC₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, the substituted C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, thesubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, the substituted C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkyl group, the substituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, thesubstituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, the substituted C₆-C₆₀ arylgroup, the substituted C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, the substituted C₆-C₆₀arylthio group, the substituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, the substitutedmonovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, and the substitutedmonovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group may be selectedfrom:

deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C₁-C₆₀alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, and aC₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group;

a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group,and a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, each substituted with at least one selectedfrom deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, anitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, aC₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylgroup, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₁-C₆₀heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group,a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group,—Si(Q₁₁)(Q₁₂)(Q₁₃), —N(Q₁₁)(Q₁₂), —B(Q₁₁)(Q₁₂), —C(═O)(Q₁₁),—S(═O)₂(Q₁₁) and —P(═O)(Q₁₁)(Q₁₂);

a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylgroup, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₁-C₆₀heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group,and a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group;

a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylgroup, a C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₁-C₆₀heteroaryl group, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group,and a monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, eachsubstituted with at least one selected from deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I,a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, ahydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a C₃-C₁₀cycloalkyl group, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenylgroup, a C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a C₆-C₆₀aryloxy group, a C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, amonovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, a monovalentnon-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, —Si(O₂₁)(Q₂₂)(Q₂₃),—N(Q₂₁)(Q₂₂), —B(Q₂₁)(Q₂₂), —C(═O)(Q₂₁), —S(═O)₂(Q₂₁), and—P(═O)(Q₂₁)(Q₂₂); and

—Si(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂)(Q₃₃), —N(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂), —B(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂), —C(═O)(Q₃₁),—S(═O)₂(Q₃₁), and —P(═O)(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂), and

Q₁₁ to Q₁₃, Q₂₁ to Q₂₃, and Q₃₁ to Q₃₃ may each independently beselected from hydrogen, deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, acyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, ahydrazono group, a C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a C₂-C₆₀alkynyl group, a C₁-C₆₀ alkoxy group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, aC₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, a C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, a C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkenyl group, a C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a C₁-C₆₀ heteroarylgroup, a monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, amonovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group, a biphenylgroup, and a terphenyl group.

The term “Ph,” as used herein, represents a phenyl group, the term “Me,”as used herein, represents a methyl group, the term “Et,” as usedherein, represents an ethyl group, the term “ter-Bu” or “Bu^(t),” asused herein, represents a tert-butyl group, and the term “OMe,” as usedherein, represents a methoxy group.

The term “biphenyl group,” as used herein, refers to a “phenyl groupsubstituted with a phenyl group. The “biphenyl group” is a “substitutedphenyl group” having a “C₆-C₆₀ aryl group” as a substituent.

The term “terphenyl group,” as used herein, refers to a “phenyl groupsubstituted with a biphenyl group. The “terphenyl group” is a “phenylgroup” having, as a substituent, a “C₆-C₆₀ aryl group substituted with aC₆-C₆₀ aryl group.”

* and *′, as used herein, unless defined otherwise, each refer to abinding site to a neighboring atom in a corresponding formula.

Hereinafter, a compound according to embodiments and an organiclight-emitting device according to embodiments will be described in moredetail with reference to Synthesis Examples and Examples. The expression“B was used instead of A” used in describing Synthesis Examples meansthat an identical (e.g., substantially identical) number of molarequivalents of A was used in place of molar equivalents of B.

EXAMPLES Example 1

An ITO glass substrate was cut to a size of 50 mm×50 mm×0.5 mm,sonicated with isopropyl alcohol and pure water each for 10 minutes, andthen cleaned by exposure to ultraviolet rays and ozone for 10 minutes.Then, the ITO glass substrate was provided to a vacuum depositionapparatus. NPB was vacuum-deposited on the ITO glass substrate to form ahole injection layer having a thickness of 40 Å, and a hole transportmaterial mCP was vacuum-deposited on the hole injection layer to form ahole transport layer having a thickness of 10 Å. Compound DSA-Ph(dopant) and mCBP (host) were co-deposited on the hole transport layerat a weight ratio of 5:95 to from an emission layer having a thicknessof 200 Å. Then, a triplet exciton quenching layer in which an amount ofiodine as a triplet exciton quenching additive was 0.5 wt % (based onthe total weight of the triplet exciton quenching layer) was formed onthe emission layer to a thickness of 1 nm. Then, TPBi was deposited onthe triplet exciton quenching layer to form an electron transport layerhaving a thickness of 300 Å, and Al was vacuum-deposited on the electrontransport layer to form an Al electrode having a thickness of 1,200 Å,thereby completing the manufacture of an organic light-emitting device.

Example 2

An organic light-emitting device was manufactured in substantially thesame manner as in Example 1, except that bromine was used instead ofIodine.

Comparative Example 1

An organic light-emitting device was manufactured in substantially thesame manner as in Example 1, except that a triplet exciton quenchinglayer was not formed.

Comparative Example 2

An organic light-emitting device was manufactured in substantially thesame manner as in Example 1, except that a triplet exciton quenchinglayer was not formed, and iodine was included in an amount of 0.5 wt %(based on the total weight of the emission layer) in forming an emissionlayer.

Evaluation Example 1

The luminance (cd/m²) (at current density of 10 mA/cm²), efficiency(cd/A), 97% lifespan, and delayed fluorescence (DF) component of organiclight-emitting devices manufactured according to Examples 1 and 2 andComparative Examples 1 and 2 were measured by using Keithley SMU 236, aluminance meter PR650, an oscilloscope 54810A and Hammamtsu PMT, andresults thereof are shown in Table 1.

The results obtained by measuring the lifespan of the organiclight-emitting devices manufactured according to Examples 1 and 2 andComparative Example 1 are shown in FIG. 4, and the results obtained bymeasuring the DF component by using transient electroluminescence (EL)are shown in FIG. 5.

TABLE 1 97% Triplet exciton Luminance Efficiency lifespan DF componentHost Dopant quenching additive (cd/m²) (cd/A) (hr) (%) Example 1 mCBPDSA-Ph iodine 0.5% 1000 10.6 150 15 Example 2 mCBP DSA-Ph bromine 0.5%1000 10.5 160 14 Comparative mCBP DSA-Ph — 1000 10.8 50 27 Example 1Comparative mCBP DSA-Ph iodine 0.5% 1000 3.4 160 10 Example 2

Referring to Table 1 and FIG. 4, it is confirmed that the organiclight-emitting devices of Examples 1 and 2 achieve efficiency havingsimilar levels and have excellent lifespan of about three times or more,as compared with those of the organic light-emitting device ofComparative Example 1.

In addition, referring to Table 1, it is confirmed that the organiclight-emitting devices of Examples 1 and 2 have excellent efficiency, ascompared with that of the organic light-emitting device of ComparativeExample 2.

Furthermore, referring to FIG. 5, it is confirmed that the delayedtriplet exciton component is remarkably reduced in the organiclight-emitting devices of Examples 1 and 2 than the organiclight-emitting device of Comparative Example 1.

For example, the organic light-emitting device according to theembodiment may exhibit excellent effects in terms of driving voltage,luminance, efficiency, and lifespan.

The organic light-emitting device including the triplet excitonquenching layer may have a long lifespan.

It will be understood that, although the terms “first,” “second,”“third,” etc., may be used herein to describe various elements,components, regions, layers and/or sections, these elements, components,regions, layers and/or sections should not be limited by these terms.These terms are used to distinguish one element, component, region,layer or section from another element, component, region, layer orsection. Thus, a first element, component, region, layer or sectiondescribed below could be termed a second element, component, region,layer or section, without departing from the spirit and scope of thepresent disclosure.

Spatially relative terms, such as “beneath,” “below,” “lower,” “under,”“above,” “upper,” and the like, may be used herein for ease ofexplanation to describe one element or feature's relationship to anotherelement(s) or feature(s) as illustrated in the figures. It will beunderstood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompassdifferent orientations of the device in use or in operation, in additionto the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the devicein the figures is turned over, elements described as “below” or“beneath” or “under” other elements or features would then be oriented“above” the other elements or features. Thus, the example terms “below”and “under” can encompass both an orientation of above and below. Thedevice may be otherwise oriented (e.g., rotated 90 degrees or at otherorientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein shouldbe interpreted accordingly.

As used herein, the term “and/or” includes any and all combinations ofone or more of the associated listed items. Expressions such as “atleast one of,” when preceding a list of elements, modify the entire listof elements and do not modify the individual elements of the list.

As used herein, the terms “substantially,” “about,” and similar termsare used as terms of approximation and not as terms of degree, and areintended to account for the inherent deviations in measured orcalculated values that would be recognized by those of ordinary skill inthe art. Further, the use of “may” when describing embodiments of thepresent disclosure refers to “one or more embodiments of the presentdisclosure.” As used herein, the terms “use,” “using,” and “used” may beconsidered synonymous with the terms “utilize,” “utilizing,” and“utilized,” respectively. Also, the term “exemplary” is intended torefer to an example or illustration.

Also, any numerical range recited herein is intended to include allsub-ranges of the same numerical precision subsumed within the recitedrange. For example, a range of “1.0 to 10.0” is intended to include allsubranges between (and including) the recited minimum value of 1.0 andthe recited maximum value of 10.0, that is, having a minimum value equalto or greater than 1.0 and a maximum value equal to or less than 10.0,such as, for example, 2.4 to 7.6. Any maximum numerical limitationrecited herein is intended to include all lower numerical limitationssubsumed therein, and any minimum numerical limitation recited in thisspecification is intended to include all higher numerical limitationssubsumed therein. Accordingly, Applicant reserves the right to amendthis specification, including the claims, to expressly recite anysub-range subsumed within the ranges expressly recited herein.

It should be understood that embodiments described herein should beconsidered in a descriptive sense only and not for purposes oflimitation. Descriptions of features or aspects within each embodimentshould typically be considered as available for other similar featuresor aspects in other embodiments.

While one or more embodiments have been described with reference to thefigures, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the artthat various changes in form and details may be made therein withoutdeparting from the spirit and scope as defined by the following claims,and equivalents thereof.

What is claimed is:
 1. An organic light-emitting device comprising: afirst electrode; a second electrode facing the first electrode; and anorganic layer between the first electrode and the second electrode andcomprising an emission layer and a triplet exciton quenching layer. 2.The organic light-emitting device of claim 1, wherein: the organic layerfurther comprises a hole transport region between the first electrodeand the emission layer and an electron transport region between theemission layer and the second electrode, and the triplet excitonquenching layer is between the emission layer and the hole transportregion, or is between the emission layer and the electron transportregion.
 3. The organic light-emitting device of claim 2, wherein: (i) anexciton recombination region in the emission layer is at an interfacebetween the emission layer and an electron transport region, and thetriplet exciton quenching layer is between the emission layer and a holetransport region; or (ii) the exciton recombination region in theemission layer is at an interface between the emission layer and a holetransport region, and the triplet exciton quenching layer is between theemission layer and the electron transport region.
 4. The organiclight-emitting device of claim 2, wherein: the emission layer comprisesa host and a dopant, and the dopant comprises a fluorescent dopant. 5.The organic light-emitting device of claim 4, wherein: (i) a highestoccupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy level (E_(HH)) of the host, alowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy level (E_(HL)) of thehost, a HOMO energy level (E_(DH)) of the fluorescent dopant, and a LUMOenergy level (E_(DL)) of the fluorescent dopant satisfy|E_(DH)|>|E_(HH)| and |E_(DL)|>|E_(HL)|, and the triplet excitonquenching layer is between the emission layer and the electron transportregion; or (ii) the HOMO energy level (E_(HH)) of the host, the LUMOenergy level (E_(HL)) of the host, the HOMO energy level (E_(DH)) of thefluorescent dopant, and the LUMO energy level (E_(DL)) of thefluorescent dopant satisfy |E_(DH)|<|E_(HH)| and |E_(DL)|<|E_(HL)|, andthe triplet exciton quenching layer is between the emission layer andthe hole transport region.
 6. The organic light-emitting device of claim4, wherein: (i) the fluorescent dopant is a hole trapping emitter, andthe triplet exciton quenching layer is between the emission layer andthe electron transport region; or (ii) the fluorescent dopant is anelectron trapping emitter, and the triplet exciton quenching layer isbetween the emission layer and the hole transport region.
 7. The organiclight-emitting device of claim 1, wherein: the triplet exciton quenchinglayer comprises a triplet exciton quenching additive.
 8. The organiclight-emitting device of claim 7, wherein: the triplet exciton quenchingadditive comprises a heavy atom.
 9. The organic light-emitting device ofclaim 7, wherein: the triplet exciton quenching additive comprises aheavy halogen atom.
 10. The organic light-emitting device of claim 7,wherein: an amount of the triplet exciton quenching additive is in arange of about 0.1 wt % to about 2.0 wt % in the triplet excitonquenching layer.
 11. The organic light-emitting device of claim 1,wherein: a thickness of the triplet exciton quenching layer is in arange of about 0.01 nm to about 2 nm.
 12. The organic light-emittingdevice of claim 1, wherein: the emission layer emits blue fluorescencehaving a maximum emission wavelength of about 450 nm to about 490 nm.13. The organic light-emitting device of claim 1, wherein: a ratio of adelayed fluorescence component to a total of light-emitting componentsemitted from the emission layer is about 20% or less.
 14. The organiclight-emitting device of claim 4, wherein: the host comprises a compoundrepresented by Formula 301-3:

wherein, in Formula 301-3, A₃₀₁ to A₃₀₄ are each independently selectedfrom a benzene group, a naphthalene group, a phenanthrene group, afluoranthene group, a triphenylene group, a pyrene group, a chrysenegroup, a pyridine group, a pyrimidine group, an indene group, a fluorenegroup, a spiro-bifluorene group, a benzofluorene group, adibenzofluorene group, an indole group, a carbazole group, abenzocarbazole group, a dibenzocarbazole group, a furan group, abenzofuran group, a dibenzofuran group, a naphthofuran group, abenzonaphthofuran group, a dinaphthofuran group, a thiophene group, abenzothiophene group, a dibenzothiophene group, a naphthothiophenegroup, a benzonaphthothiophene group, and a dinaphthothiophene group,X₃₀₁ is O, S, or N-[(L₃₀₄)_(xb4)-R₃₀₄], R₃₁₁ to R₃₁₄ are eachindependently selected from hydrogen, deuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, ahydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an amidino group, ahydrazino group, a hydrazono group, a C₁-C₂₀ alkyl group, a C₁-C₂₀alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenyl group, anaphthyl group —Si(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂)(Q₃₃), —N(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂), —B(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂),—C(═O)(Q₃₁), —S(═O)₂(Q₃₁), and —P(═O)(Q₃₁)(Q₃₂), xb22 and xb23 are eachindependently 0, 1, or 2, L₃₀₁ to L₃₀₅ are each independently selectedfrom a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkylene group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkylene group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenylene group, a substitutedor unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenylene group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ arylene group, a substituted or unsubstitutedC₁-C₆₀ heteroarylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted divalentnon-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, and a substituted orunsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group,xb1 to xb4 are each independently an integer from 1 to 5, xb5 is aninteger from 0 to 5, R₃₀₁ to R₃₀₄ are each independently selected fromdeuterium, —F, —Cl, —Br, —I, a hydroxyl group, a cyano group, a nitrogroup, an amidino group, a hydrazino group, a hydrazono group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ alkyl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₂-C₆₀ alkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstitutedC₂-C₆₀ alkynyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ alkoxygroup, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkyl group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenyl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenyl group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀aryloxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a substituted orunsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, asubstituted or unsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensedheteropolycyclic group, —Si(Q₃₀₁)(Q₃₀₂)(Q₃₀₃), —N(Q₃₀₁)(Q₃₀₂),—B(Q₃O(Q₃₀₂), —C(═O)(Q₃₀₁), —S(═O)₂(Q₃₀₁), and —P(═O)(Q₃₀₁)(Q₃₀₂), andQ₃₁ to Q₃₃ are each independently selected from a C₁-C₁₀ alkyl group, aC₁-C₁₀ alkoxy group, a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a terphenylgroup, and a naphthyl group.
 15. The organic light-emitting device ofclaim 4, wherein: the host is selected from9,10-di(2-naphthyl)anthracene (ADN),2-methyl-9,10-bis(naphthalen-2-yl)anthracene (MADN),9,10-di-(2-naphthyl)-2-t-butyl-anthracene (TBADN),4,4′-bis(N-carbazolyl)-1,1′-biphenyl (CBP), 1,3-di-9-carbazolylbenzene(mCP), 1,3,5-tri(carbazol-9-yl)benzene (TCP), and3,3-di(9H-carbazol-9-yl)biphenyl (mCBP).
 16. The organic light-emittingdevice of claim 4, wherein: the fluorescent dopant comprises a compoundrepresented by Formula 501:

wherein, in Formula 501, Ar₅₀₁ is a substituted or unsubstituted C₅-C₆₀carbocyclic group or a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heterocyclicgroup, L₅₀₁ to L₅₀₃ are each independently selected from a substitutedor unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkylene group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkylene group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₃-C₁₀ cycloalkenylene group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₁₀ heterocycloalkenylene group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ arylene group, a substituted or unsubstitutedC₁-C₆₀ heteroarylene group, a substituted or unsubstituted divalentnon-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, and a substituted orunsubstituted divalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group,xd1 to xd3 are each independently an integer from 0 to 3, R₅₀₁ and R₅₀₂are each independently selected from a substituted or unsubstitutedC₃-C₁₀ cycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₃-C₁₀cycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₁-C₁₀heterocycloalkenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ arylgroup, a substituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ aryloxy group, asubstituted or unsubstituted C₆-C₆₀ arylthio group, a substituted orunsubstituted C₁-C₆₀ heteroaryl group, a substituted or unsubstitutedmonovalent non-aromatic condensed polycyclic group, and a substituted orunsubstituted monovalent non-aromatic condensed heteropolycyclic group,and xd4 is an integer from 1 to
 6. 17. The organic light-emitting deviceof claim 4, wherein: the fluorescent dopant is selected from thefollowing compounds:


18. The organic light-emitting device of claim 2, wherein: the holetransport region comprises an electron blocking layer, and the electronblocking layer comprises a p-dopant having a lowest unoccupied molecularorbital (LUMO) energy level of about −3.5 eV or less.
 19. The organiclight-emitting device of claim 2, wherein: the electron transport regioncomprises a hole blocking layer, and the hole blocking layer comprisesan alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, a rare earth metal, an alkalimetal compound, an alkaline earth-metal compound, a rare earth metalcompound, an alkali metal complex, an alkaline earth-metal complex, arare earth metal complex, or any combination thereof.
 20. A displayapparatus comprising: a thin film transistor comprising a sourceelectrode, a drain electrode, and an active layer; and the organiclight-emitting device of claim 1, wherein the first electrode of theorganic light-emitting device is electrically coupled to one selectedfrom the source electrode and the drain electrode of the thin filmtransistor.